TUBB4B

tubulin beta 4B class IVb

Ensembl:
ENSG00000188229
UniProt:
P68371
OMIM:
602660
Synonyms:
BETA2, TUBB2C

Cilia effects upon perturbation of TUBB4B

Cilia number / % ciliated:
Decrease
Loss-of-function effect:
Decrease

Ciliogenesis screen results (3 screens)

  • Wheway et al. 2015 (siRNA) [siRNA]: Ciliogenesis Defect (z=-4.56) PMID:26167766
  • Breslow et al. 2018 (CRISPR) [CRISPR]: No Significant Effect PMID:29459680
  • Pusapati et al. 2018 (CRISPR) [CRISPR]: Positive Regulator (Hh signaling, neg_rank=567, lfc=-2.08) PMID:30270045

Phenotypes

Mouse phenotype:
abnormal coat/ hair morphology, abnormal coat appearance, preweaning lethality, incomplete penetrance
Human ciliopathy phenotype:
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (12 patients), Leber congenital amaurosis; dominant-negative tubulinopathy affecting axonemal microtubules

Ciliopathy associations

  • Leber Congenital Amaurosis
  • Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia

Subcellular localization

basal body, cilia, cytosol, nucleus

Functional category

  • Ciliary assembly/disassembly
  • Trafficking (BBSome, small GTPases, vesicular transport, ATPases)
  • Actin & cytoskeleton regulation
  • T cell biology
  • Reproduction & sperm
  • Viral interactions
  • Protein processing & maturation
  • Cell migration & adhesion
  • Signaling (Hedgehog, GPCRs, ion channels)

Function

Beta tubulin isoform. Component of the cytoskeleton, centrosomes and protofilaments, structures that associate laterally to form a microtubule. Mutations in TUBB4B Cause a Distinctive Sensorineural Disease of LCA with hearing loss TUBB4B variants cause PCD (12 patients) and LCA in dominant-negative manner. Distinct variants differentially affect microtubule dynamics and cilia formation, stratifying patients into 3 classes of ciliopathic disease. TUBB4B is a distinct tubulin isotype with organelle-specific function in axonemal microtubules (PMID:38662826).

Model organism evidence

Mus musculus (2 references)

TUBA1A, TUBA1B, TUBA1C, TUBB2A, TUBB2B, TUBB4B, and TUBB5 were identified to be incorporated in ependymal cilia, with TUBB4B showing the highest expression.

β4B-tubulin was localized to cytoplasmic microtubules, mitotic spindles, manchette, and axonemes of sperm flagella.

PMIDs: 41459724, 39244620